A short introduction to Agency Theory

Let’s call person doing things, “the agent” and the person who benefits “the principle”. In the standard corporate setting, you have shareholders who pool together cash and delegate the authority to manage those funds as they best see fit. We actually see this in all walks of life.
Perhaps the most fundamental example is that of mother and child. The child is unable to do things for itself, and so the mother must act to feed, clothe and protect the child in a way that is selfless to the mother and importantly, always in the child’s best interest. In this sense, the CHILD is the principle and the MOTHER is the agent of the child.